- Original Article
- Published:
Acetic acid pulping of wheat straw under atmospheric pressure
Journal of Wood Science volume 45, pages 319–325 (1999)
Abstract
Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of wheat straw was carried out. Pulping conditions and their effects on pulp properties were investigated in detail, and a comparison between acetic acid (AcOH) pulp and soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulps of wheat straw was made of the chemical composition, strength, and fiber morphology of the pulps. Wheat straw was successfully pulped and fractionated into pulp (cellulose), acetic acid lignin, and sugars (monosaccharides from hemicellulose), making it easy to utilize them. It was found that among the pulping conditions the dosage of H2SO4 as catalyst was the most notable, and the extent and rate of delignification could be controlled by varying the amount of the catalyst. The results also showed that acetic acid pulp was quite different from soda-AQ pulp. About 70% of the ash or 90% of the silica in wheat straw were kept in AcOH pulp. The ash might function as filler and be beneficial to the printability of paper. It was known that many epidermal cells existed in AcOH pulp in bundles or in single cells. These ash-rich nonfiber cells seemed to hinder the bonding between fibers. AcOH pulp had lower strength than soda-AQ pulp, which might result mainly from the chemical damage of fibers caused by acid, not from the depolymerization of cellulose.
References
Montané D, Farriol X, Salvadó J, Jollez P, Chornet E (1998) Fractionation of wheat straw by steam-explosion pretreatment and alkali delignification: cellulose pulp and byproducts from hemicellulose and lignin. J Wood Chemi Technol 18:171–191
Jackson MG (1977) Review article: the alkali treatment of straws. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2:105–130
Flachowsky G, Ochrimenko WI, Schneider M, Richter GH (1996) Evaluation of straw treatment with ammonia sources on growing bulls. Anim Feed Sci Technol 60:117–130
Karunanandaa K, Varga GA (1996) Colonization of rice straw by white-rot fungi (Cyathus stercoreus): effect on ruminal fermentation pattern, nitrogen metabolism, and fiber utilization during continuous culture. Anim Feed Sci Technol 61:1–16
Gorhmann K, Torget R, Himmel M (1985) Optimization of dilute acid pretreatment of biomass. Biotechnol Bioeng Symp 15:59–80
Lawther M, Sun R, Banks WB (1996) Effect of steam treatment on the chemical composition of wheat straw. Holzforschung 50:365–371
Kubikova J, Zemann A, Krkoska P, Bobleter O (1996) Hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat straw for the production of pulp and paper. Tappi J 79(7):163–169
Jiménez L, Maestre F, de la Torre MJ, Pérez I (1997) Organosolv pulping of wheat straw by use of methanol-water mixtures. Tappi J 80(12):148–154
Sun R-C, Lawther JM, Banks WB (1997) Physico-chemical characterization of organosolv lignins from wheat straw. Cellulose Chem Technol 31:199–212
Atchison JE (1996) Twenty-five years of global progress in nonwood plant fiber repulping. Tappi J 79(10):87–95
Nimz HH, Casten R (1986) Chemical processing of lignocellulosics. Holz Roh Werkstoff 44:207–212
Davis LL, Young RA, Deodhar SS (1986) Organic acid pulping of wood. 3. Acetic acid pulping of spruce. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 32:905–914
Sano Y, Nakamura M, Shimamoto S (1990) Pulping of wood at atmospheric pressure. II. Pulping of hardwoods with aqueous acetic acid containing a small amount of sulfuric acid. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 36:207
Pan X-J, Sano Y, Nakashima H, Uraki Y (1998) Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of rice straw. I. Pulping conditions and properties of pulp (in Japanese). Jpn Tappi J 52:408–415
Pan X-J, Sano Y (1999) Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of rice straw. II. Behavior of ash and silica in rice straw during atmospheric acetic acid pulping and bleaching. Holzforschung 53:49–55
Pan X-J, Sano Y (1999) Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of rice straw. IV. Physico-chemical characterization of acetic acid lignins from rice straw and woods. 2. Holzforschung (in press)
Dence CW (1992) The determination of lignin. In: Lin SY, Dence CW (eds) Methods in lignin chemistry. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 39–140
Borchardt LG, Piper CV (1970) A gas chromatographic method for carbohydrates as alditol acetates. Tappi 53:257–260
Uraki Y, Kubo S, Nigo N, Sano Y, Sasaya T (1995) Preparation of carbon fibers from organosolv lignin obtained by aqueous acetic acid pulping. Holzforschung 49:343–350
Uraki Y, Hashida K, Sano Y (1997) Self-assembly of pulp derivatives as amphiphilic compounds: preparation of amphiphilic compound from acetic acid pulp and its properties as an inclusion compound. Hofzforschung 51:91–97
Uraki Y, Kubo S, Kurakami H, Sano Y (1997) Activated carbon fibers from acetic acid lignin. Holzforschung 51:188–192
Pan X-J, Sano Y (1998) Characterization and utilization of acetic acid lignins: methylolation of lignins and preparation of lignin-based adhesives. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Lignin Symposium, Tokyo, pp 5–8
Fengel D, Wegener G (1984) Wood: chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions. de Gruyter, Berlin, pp 539–543
Li B, Okayama T, Sawatari A (1996) Pore structural ink jet printability of rice straw pulp handsheets. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 42:272–278
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pan, XJ., Sano, Y. Acetic acid pulping of wheat straw under atmospheric pressure. J Wood Sci 45, 319–325 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00833497
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00833497