Skip to main content
Journal of Wood Science

Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Download PDF
  • Note
  • Published:

Chemical characteristics of surfaces of hardwood and softwood deteriorated by weathering

Journal of Wood Science volume 45, pages 348–353 (1999)Cite this article

Abstract

The factors that cause weather-induced deterioration of wood surfaces were determined by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Albizzia (Paraserianthes falcata Becker.) and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) were exposed to two temperate conditions of natural weathering with and without rainfall and to accelerated conditions of artificial weathering coupled with ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation and water flashing. Infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that the oxidative reaction of lignin was observed under all conditions of weathering for both wood species. However, a marked decrease in lignin and hemicellulose content were recognized when albizzia woods were exposed to weathering with water. Lignin content in the softwood sugi did not decrease as much as in albizzia even in the presence of water, but the modification of lignin macromolecules was assumed to be accelerated by water, as seen by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. These results showed that the presence of water promotes the weathering deterioration of wood under UV irradiation.

References

  1. Hon DNS (1991) Photochemistry of wood. In: Hon DN-S, Shiraishi N (eds) Wood and cellulosic chemistry. Marcel Decker, New York, pp 525–555

    Google Scholar 

  2. Evans PD, Michell AJ, Schmalzl KJ (1992) Studies of the degradation and protection of wood surface. Wood Sci Technol 26:151–163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hon DNS, Minemura N (1991) Color and discoloration. In: Hon DNS, Shiraishi N (ed) Wood and cellulosic chemistry. Marcel Decker, New York, pp 525–555

    Google Scholar 

  4. Iiyama K, Wallis AFA (1988) An improved acetyl bromide procedure for determinating lignin in woods and wood pulps. Wood Sci Technol. 22:271–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Saeman JF, Moore WE, Mitchell RL, Millett MA (1954) Techniques for the determination of pulp constituents by quantitative paper chromatography. Tappi 37:336–343

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Borchardt LG, Piper CV (1970) A gas chromatographic method for carbohydrates as alditol-acetates. Tappi 53:257–260

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Yata S, Tamura T (1995) Histological changes of softwood surfaces during outdoor weathering. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 41:1035–1042

    Google Scholar 

  8. Feist WC, Rowell RM, Ellis WD (1991) Moisture sorption and accelerated weathering of acetylated methacrylated aspen. Wood Fiber. Sci 23:128–136

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Hon DNS (1975) Formation of free radicals in photoirradiated cellulose. VI. Effect of lignin. J Polym Sci Poly Chem Educ 13:2641–2652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hon DNS, Chang ST (1984) Surface degradation of wood by ultraviolet light. J Polym. Sci Polym Chem Educ. 22:2227–2241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Kerr AJ, Goring DAI (1975) The ultrastructural arrangement of the wood cell wall. Cellulose Chem Technol 9:563–573

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hon DNS, Feist WC (1986) Weathering characteristics of hard wood surfaces. Wood Sci Technol 20:169–183

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pearl IA (1958) Studies on lignin and related products. XIV. Spectral and chromatographic data on lignin model compounds in the phenylpropane series. J Org Chem. 24:736–740

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Harrington KJ, Higgins HG, Michell AJ (1964) Infrared spectra ofEucalyptus regnans F. Muell andPinus radiata D. Don. Holzforschung 18:108–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Sarkanen K, Chang HM, Ericsson B (1967) Species variation in lignins. I. Infrared spectra of guaiacyl and syringyl models. Tappi 50:572–575

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Faix O (1992) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In: Lin SY, Dence CW (eds) Methods in lignin chemistry. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 83–109

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Steelink C, Reid, T, Tollin G (1963) On the nature of the freeradical moiety in lignin. J Am Chem Soc 85:4048–4049

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hon DNS, Feist WC (1981) Free radical formation in wood: the role of water. Wood Sci 14:41–48

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development Center for Applied Physics, LIPI, 13510, Serpong, Tangerang, Indonesia

    Yanni Sudiyani

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, 606-8522, Kyoto, Japan

    Sho-ichi Tsujiyama & Hiromu Kajita

  3. Wood Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Kyoto, Japan

    Yuji Imamura & Munezoh Takahashi

  4. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan

    Kazuya Minato

Authors
  1. Yanni Sudiyani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sho-ichi Tsujiyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yuji Imamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Munezoh Takahashi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Kazuya Minato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hiromu Kajita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yanni Sudiyani.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sudiyani, Y., Tsujiyama, Si., Imamura, Y. et al. Chemical characteristics of surfaces of hardwood and softwood deteriorated by weathering. J Wood Sci 45, 348–353 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00833502

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00833502

Key words