- Note
- Published:
Chemical characteristics of surfaces of hardwood and softwood deteriorated by weathering
Journal of Wood Science volume 45, pages 348–353 (1999)
Abstract
The factors that cause weather-induced deterioration of wood surfaces were determined by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Albizzia (Paraserianthes falcata Becker.) and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) were exposed to two temperate conditions of natural weathering with and without rainfall and to accelerated conditions of artificial weathering coupled with ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation and water flashing. Infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that the oxidative reaction of lignin was observed under all conditions of weathering for both wood species. However, a marked decrease in lignin and hemicellulose content were recognized when albizzia woods were exposed to weathering with water. Lignin content in the softwood sugi did not decrease as much as in albizzia even in the presence of water, but the modification of lignin macromolecules was assumed to be accelerated by water, as seen by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. These results showed that the presence of water promotes the weathering deterioration of wood under UV irradiation.
References
Hon DNS (1991) Photochemistry of wood. In: Hon DN-S, Shiraishi N (eds) Wood and cellulosic chemistry. Marcel Decker, New York, pp 525–555
Evans PD, Michell AJ, Schmalzl KJ (1992) Studies of the degradation and protection of wood surface. Wood Sci Technol 26:151–163
Hon DNS, Minemura N (1991) Color and discoloration. In: Hon DNS, Shiraishi N (ed) Wood and cellulosic chemistry. Marcel Decker, New York, pp 525–555
Iiyama K, Wallis AFA (1988) An improved acetyl bromide procedure for determinating lignin in woods and wood pulps. Wood Sci Technol. 22:271–280
Saeman JF, Moore WE, Mitchell RL, Millett MA (1954) Techniques for the determination of pulp constituents by quantitative paper chromatography. Tappi 37:336–343
Borchardt LG, Piper CV (1970) A gas chromatographic method for carbohydrates as alditol-acetates. Tappi 53:257–260
Yata S, Tamura T (1995) Histological changes of softwood surfaces during outdoor weathering. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 41:1035–1042
Feist WC, Rowell RM, Ellis WD (1991) Moisture sorption and accelerated weathering of acetylated methacrylated aspen. Wood Fiber. Sci 23:128–136
Hon DNS (1975) Formation of free radicals in photoirradiated cellulose. VI. Effect of lignin. J Polym Sci Poly Chem Educ 13:2641–2652
Hon DNS, Chang ST (1984) Surface degradation of wood by ultraviolet light. J Polym. Sci Polym Chem Educ. 22:2227–2241
Kerr AJ, Goring DAI (1975) The ultrastructural arrangement of the wood cell wall. Cellulose Chem Technol 9:563–573
Hon DNS, Feist WC (1986) Weathering characteristics of hard wood surfaces. Wood Sci Technol 20:169–183
Pearl IA (1958) Studies on lignin and related products. XIV. Spectral and chromatographic data on lignin model compounds in the phenylpropane series. J Org Chem. 24:736–740
Harrington KJ, Higgins HG, Michell AJ (1964) Infrared spectra ofEucalyptus regnans F. Muell andPinus radiata D. Don. Holzforschung 18:108–113
Sarkanen K, Chang HM, Ericsson B (1967) Species variation in lignins. I. Infrared spectra of guaiacyl and syringyl models. Tappi 50:572–575
Faix O (1992) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In: Lin SY, Dence CW (eds) Methods in lignin chemistry. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 83–109
Steelink C, Reid, T, Tollin G (1963) On the nature of the freeradical moiety in lignin. J Am Chem Soc 85:4048–4049
Hon DNS, Feist WC (1981) Free radical formation in wood: the role of water. Wood Sci 14:41–48
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sudiyani, Y., Tsujiyama, Si., Imamura, Y. et al. Chemical characteristics of surfaces of hardwood and softwood deteriorated by weathering. J Wood Sci 45, 348–353 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00833502
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00833502