- Original Article
- Published:
Structural mechanics of wood composite materials 11: Ultrasonic propagation mechanism and internal bonding of particleboard
Journal of Wood Science volume 45, pages 221–226 (1999)
Abstract
Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have been successfully applied for grading lumber and veneer at the in-plant level. To expand this application in wood composite production, further research is needed to elucidate the effect of differences of component elements within wood composite panels on the behavior of ultrasonic waves traveling through them. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the internal bonding of particleboard specimens containing component chips of different geometry on ultrasonic velocity. Commercial chips screened at four sizes were used to produce particleboard specimens with different internal bonding by controlling their out-of-press thickness at (a) a constant thickness for boards made of each chip size, and (b) four different thicknesses for boards made of the same chip size. Twenty-four boards were made with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin at 8% solid resin content in our laboratory. After the velocities of the waves traveling through the thickness of the boards were recorded, the internal bond strengths were tested. Results showed the density, internal bond state, and constituted chip geometry were the main factors influencing the velocity. NDE using ultrasonic waves is an available method to evaluate the internal bonding of particleboard with a density less than about 0.75g/cm3. With densities over that value, no significant changes of the velocity were found.
References
Kaiserlik JH, Pellerin RF (1976) Stress wave attenuation as an indicator of lumber strength. For Prod J 27(6):39–43
Gerhards CG (1982) Longitudinal stress waves for lumber stress grading: factors affecting applications: state of art. For Prod J 32(2):20–25
Bender DA, Burk AG, Taylor SE, Hooper JA (1990) Predicting localized MOE and tensile strength in solid and finger-jointed laminating lumber using longitudinal stress waves. For Prod J 40(3):45–47
Ross RJ, Pellerin RF (1991) Nondestructive testing for assessing wood members in structures: a review. General Technical Report FPL-70. USDA Forest Service, Forest Product Laboratory, Madison, WI
Pu JH, Tang RC (1997) Nondestructive evaluation of modulus of elasticity of southern pine LVL: effect of veneer grade and relative humidity. Wood Fiber Sci 29:249–363
Ross RJ, Pellerin RF (1988) NDE of wood-based composites with longitudinal stress waves. For Prod J 38(5):39–45
Japanese Standards Association (1994) JIS standard for particleboard JIS A 5908, Japan. Japanese Standards Association
Sasaki Y, Iwata T, Ando K (1998) Acoustoelastic effect of wood. II. Effect of compressive stress on the velocity of ultrasonic longitudinal waves parallel to the transverses of the wood. J Wood Sci 44:21–27
Shuler CE, Kelly RA (1974) Effect of flake geometry on mechanical properties of eastern spruce flake-type particleboard. For Prod J 26(6):24–28
Armstrong JP, Patterson DW, Sneckenberger JE, Mallory JC, Pellerin RF (1991) Evaluation of a stress wave NDT technique for detecting skips in the gluelines of edge-glued red oak panels. For Prod J 41(11/12):61–66
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, YG., Arima, T. Structural mechanics of wood composite materials 11: Ultrasonic propagation mechanism and internal bonding of particleboard. J Wood Sci 45, 221–226 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01177729
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01177729