- Original Article
- Published:
Bending creep performances of three-ply cross-laminated woods made with five species
Journal of Wood Science volume 52, pages 220–229 (2006)
Abstract
To improve the performance of cross-laminated woods, 30 types of three-ply parallel-laminated and cross-laminated woods were prepared from five species with various densities and shear compliances in cross section, and their bending creep performances were investigated on the basis of our previous research in cross-laminated wood made with sugi (Japanese cedar). The creep deformation perpendicular to the grain was decreased by cross laminating. The creep deformation perpendicular to the grain of parallel-laminated woods (P⊥ type), that perpendicular to the grain of face laminae of cross-laminated woods (C⊥ type), and also that parallel to the grain of face laminae of cross-laminated woods (C║ type) tended to decrease with increasing density of species used for perpendicular-direction lamina. It was found that the extent of the decrease was greater in creep deformation than in initial deformation. The degrees of anisotropy for both deformations of laminated wood were markedly decreased by cross laminating. The extent of the decrease was much greater in creep deformation than in initial deformation and considerably smaller in buna with higher density than in sugi with lower density. The measured values of initial deformation and creep deformation of C⊥ type were almost equal to the calculated values obtained from the measured values of parallel-laminated woods, whereas the measured values of both deformations of C║ type were much greater than their calculated values and increased markedly with increasing shear compliance in cross section of perpendicular-direction lamina used for core. The ratios of the average of measured values to the calculated value of C║ type ranged from 1.05 (katsura) to 1.50 (sugi) in initial deformation and from 1.30 (katsura) to 3.69 (sugi) in creep deformation. This result can be explained as the effect of deflection caused by shear force.
References
Okuma M, Tashiro H (1968) Effect of adhesive on creep of plywood (in Japanese). Wood Ind Jpn 23:168–170
Nakai T (1978) Bending creep test on wood-based boards I (in Japanese). Wood Ind Jpn 33:158–160
Nakai T (1978) Bending creep test on wood-based boards II (in Japanese). Wood Ind Jpn 33:247–249
Arima T, Sato M, Mashita K (1981) Studies on evaluation method for long-term performance of wood-based materials and elements (in Japanese). Report of the Building Research Institute No. 95:25–80
Moriizumi S (1981) Creep properties of wood-based boards under plate shear test (in Japanese). J Hokkaido Forest Prod Res Inst 359:6–14
Bryan EL, Schniewind AP (1965) Strength and rheological properties of particleboard. Forest Prod J 15:143–148
Halligan AF, Schniewind AP (1972) Effect of moisture on physical and creep properties of particleboard. Forest Prod J 22:41–48
Saito F, Ikeda M, Ogawa K (1980) Time-related flexural behavior of particleboards under long term load (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 26:714–718
Moslemi AA (1964) Some aspects of viscoelastic behavior of hardboard. Forest Prod J 14:337–342
Kitahara K, Perng WT (1965) On the creep of hardboard (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 11:88–92
Park HM, Fushitani M, Sato K, Kubo T, Byeon HS (2002) Bending creep performances of cross-laminated sugi wood (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 48:166–177
Park HM, Fushitani M, Sato K, Kubo T, Byeon HS (2003) Static bending strength performances of cross-laminated woods made with five species. J Wood Sci 49:411–417
Kitahara K, Okabe N (1959) The influence of temperature on creep of wood by bending test (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 5:12–18
Schniewind AP (1968) Recent progress in the study of the rheology of wood. Wood Sci Technol 2:188–206
Hoyle RJ, Itani RY, Anderson JT (1994) The effect of moisture cycling on creep of small glued laminated beams. Wood Fiber Sci 26:556–562
Aratake S, Arima T (1995) Creep of sugi sawn lumber in process of humidity changes (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 41:359–366
Aratake S, Morita H, Arima T (2002) Creep of various structural members in ambient conditions I. Estimation of future deflections considering the longevity of wooden structures (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 48:233–240
Aratake S, Arima T (1996) Creep of sugi full size members II. Behaviors under various loading conditions of loads and estimations by deformation models (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 42:755–761
Schniewind AP, Barrett JD (1972) Wood as a linear orthotropic material. Wood Sci Technol 6:43–57
Fushitani M, Bono Y (1975) Bending creep of laminated woods (in Japanese). Wood Ind Jpn 30:22–24
Sakai J (1970) Strength of structures (in Japanese). Gihodo, Tokyo, p 77
Park HM, Fushitani M, Ohtsuka T, Nakajima T, Sato K, Byeon HS (2001) Effect of annual ring angle on static bending strength performances of cross-laminated woods made with sugi wood (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 47:22–32
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, HM., Fushitani, M., Sato, K. et al. Bending creep performances of three-ply cross-laminated woods made with five species. J Wood Sci 52, 220–229 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-005-0750-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-005-0750-7