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Journal of Wood Science

Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

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Characterization of sp2- and sp3-bonded carbon in wood charcoal

Journal of Wood Science volume 53, pages 442–448 (2007)Cite this article

Abstract

Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) preheated at 700°C was subsequently heated to 1800°C and characterized by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The degree of disorder of carbon crystallites and the amount of amorphous phase decreased considerably with an increase in heat treatment temperature to 1400°C, while carbon crystallites clearly developed above this temperature, showing that the microstructure of carbonized wood undergoes drastic changes around 1400°C. Besides showing the bands for sp2-bonded carbon, the Raman spectra showed a shoulder near 1100 cm−1 assigned to sp3-bonded carbon. With an increase of heat treatment temperature, the peak position of the Raman sp3 band shifted to a lower frequency from 1190 to 1120 cm−1, which is due to the transformation of sp3-bonded carbon from an amorphous phase to a nanocrystalline phase. These data showed that the microstructure of carbonized wood from 700° to 1800°C consisted of the combination of sp2- and sp3-bonded carbon, which is probably due to the disordered microstructure of carbonized wood. It is suggested that the sp3-bonded carbon is transformed from an amorphous structure to a nanocrystalline structure with the growth of polyaromatic stacks at temperatures above 1400°C.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Daiwa House Industry Co. Ltd., 6-6-2 Sakyo, Nara, 631-0801, Japan

    Kengo Ishimaru

  2. Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan

    Toshimitsu Hata & Yuji Imamura

  3. Department of Applied Physics, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Paul Bronsveld

  4. Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Cutting-Edge Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan

    Takashi Nishizawa

Authors
  1. Kengo Ishimaru
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  2. Toshimitsu Hata
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  3. Paul Bronsveld
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  4. Takashi Nishizawa
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  5. Yuji Imamura
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Correspondence to Kengo Ishimaru.

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Ishimaru, K., Hata, T., Bronsveld, P. et al. Characterization of sp2- and sp3-bonded carbon in wood charcoal. J Wood Sci 53, 442–448 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-007-0879-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-007-0879-7

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