- Original Article
- Published:
Manufacture of oriented board using mild steam treatment of plant fiber bundles
Journal of Wood Science volume 54, pages 369–376 (2008)
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mild steam treatment (0.1 MPa for 2 h) of natural bio-based fibers and orientation (0° and 90°) of those fibers in various fiberboards. Ramie bast, pineapple leaf, and sansevieria fiber bundles were used as materials. The composite fiberboards were prepared using phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin. To investigate the effect of mild steam treatment on wettability, contact angles of PF resin to the fiber were measured. The mechanical properties of the boards were examined as well as their dimensional stability. The contact angle data showed that mild steam treatment was effective in improving the wettability of fibers. Unioriented steam-treated boards showed better performance of internal bond (IB), moduli of rupture (MOR) and elasticity (MOE), thickness swelling (TS), and water absorption (WA) than other boards. Unioriented steam-treated sansevieria board with longitudinal fiber direction showed higher average values of MOR (403 MPa), MOE (39.2 GPa), and IB (1.33 MPa) and lower values of TS (5.15%) and WA (8.68%) than other boards. The differences in the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of boards were found mainly due to the differences in the ratios of fiber fraction of the boards to the density of the fiber bundles.
References
Arib RMN, Sapuan SM, Ahmad MMHM, Paridah MT, Khairul Zaman HMD (2006) Mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre reinforced polypropylene composites. Mater Design 27:391–396
Liua W, Misraa M, Askelanda P, Drzala LT, Mohanty AK (2005) Green composites from soy based plastic and pineapple leaf fiber fabrication and properties evaluation. Polymer 46:2710–2721
Qin C, Soykeabkaew N, Xiuyuan N, Peijs T (2008) The effect of fibre volume fraction and mercerization on the properties of all-cellulose composites. Carbohydr Polym 71:458–467
Nishino T, Matsuda I, Hirao K (2004) All-cellulose composite. Macromolecules 37:7683–7687
Mangal R, Saxena NS, Sreekala MS, Thomas S, Singh K (2003) Thermal properties of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced composites. Mater Sci Eng A 339:281–285
Shihong L, Benlian Z, Qiyun Z, Xianrong B (1994) A new kind of super-hybrid composite material for civil use—ramie fibre/Al. Composites 25:225–228
Architectural Services Department (2007) Study on green roof application in Hong Kong. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region http://www.archsd.gov.hk/archsd_home01.asp?Path_Lev1=7. Cited 15 Oct 2007
Velasquez JA, Ferrando F, Farriol X, Salvado J (2003) Binderless fiberboard from steam exploded Miscanthus sinensis. Wood Sci Technol 37:269–278
Han G, Umemura K, Zhang M, Honda T, Kawai S (2001) Improvement mechanism of bondability in UF-bonded reed and wheat straw boards by silane coupling agent and extraction treatments. J Wood Sci 47:350–355
Park BD, Riedl B, Hsu EW, Shields J (1998) Effects of weight average molecular mass of phenol formaldehyde adhesives on medium density fiberboard performance. Holz Roh Werkst 56:155–161
Walther T, Kartal SN, Hwang WJ, Umemura K, Kawai S (2007) Strength durability of oriented kenaf fiberboard. J Wood Sci 53:481–486
Kawai S, Sasaki H (1989) Oriented medium-density fiberboard produced with an electrostatic field I. Effects of fiber shape and configuration on fiber alignment and board properties (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 35:218–226
Pulido OR, Kawai S, Yoshida Y, Sasaki H (1990) Oriented medium-density fiberboard produced with an electrostatic field II. Method of producing yarns from woof fibers and its application in oriented medium-density fiberboard production. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 36:29–35
Ohba S, Sasada T, Kawai S (2001) Development of vertically oriented fiberboard I. Manufacture of fiberboard and analysis of fiber orientation (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 47:138–149
Munawar SS, Umemura K, Kawai S (2006) Characterization of the morphological, physical and mechanical properties of seven nonwood plant fiber bundles. J Wood Sci 53:108–113
Munawar SS, Umemura K, Tanaka F, Kawai S (2007) Effects of alkali, mild steam and chitosan treatments on the properties of pineapple, ramie and sansevieria fiber bundles. J Wood Sci 54:28–35
American Society for Testing and Materials (2001) ASTM D-4426-01. Standard test method for determination of percent nonvolatile content of liquid phenolic resins used for wood laminating. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, pp 350–351
Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (2003) JIS A 5905-2003 for fiberboard. Japanese Industrial Standards, Tokyo
Zhang M, Kawai S, Sasaki H, Yamawaki T, Yoshida Y, Kashihara M (1995) Manufacture and properties of composite fiberboard II. Fabrication of board manufacturing apparatus and properties of bamboo/wood composite fiberboard. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 41:903–910
Lee MH, Park HS, Yoon KJ, Hauser PJ (2004) Enhancing the durability of linen-like properties of low temperature mercerized cotton. Text Res J 74:146–154
Freytag R, Donze J (1983) Alkali treatment of cellulose fibers. In: Lewin M, Sello SB (eds) Handbook of fiber science and technology, vol 1, part A. Marcel Dekker, NY, pp 93–165
Lawther JM, Sun R, Banks WB (1996) Effect of steam treatment on the chemical composition of wheat straw. Holzforschung 50:365–371
Wong KK, Tao XM, Yuen CWM, Yeung KW (1999) Low temperature plasma treatment of linen. Text Res J 69:846–855
Zhang M, Kawai S, Sasaki H (1994) Production and properties of composite fiberboard I. Influence of mixing ratio of jute/wood fiber on the properties of boards (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 40:816–823
Kawai S, Sasaki H (1993) Low-density particleboard. In: Shiraishi N, Kajita H, Norimoto M (eds) Recent research on wood and wood-based materials. Elsevier, London, pp 33–42
Hsu WE (1997) Wood quality requirements for panel products. Proceeding of CTIA/IUFRO International Wood Quality Workshop, Timber Management toward Wood Quality and End-product Value. Forintek Canada Corp. Québec City, Canada. I-7/10
Ohnishi K, Okudaira Y, Zhang M, Kawai S (2000) Manufacture and properties of oriented medium density fiberboard from non-wood lignocellulosic fibers I. Development of a mechanical orientor and its application to manufacturing oriented fiber board (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 46:114–123
Kawai S (2003) Role of wood products to our living and natural environment. Proceedings of IAWPS 2003, Daejeon, Korea. Vol 1, pp 39–44
Das S, Saha AK, Choudhury PK, Basak RK, Mitra BC, Todd T, Lang S (2000) Effect of steam pretreatment of jute fiber on dimensional stability of jute composite. J Appl Polym Sci 76:1652–1661
Rowell RM, Kawai S, Inoue M (1995) Dimensional stabilized very low density fiberboard. Wood Fiber Sci 27:428–436
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Munawar, S.S., Umemura, K. & Kawai, S. Manufacture of oriented board using mild steam treatment of plant fiber bundles. J Wood Sci 54, 369–376 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-008-0968-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-008-0968-2