- Original Article
- Published:
Application of activable tracers to investigate radial movement of minerals in the stem of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Journal of Wood Science volume 57, pages 421–428 (2011)
Abstract
Two activable tracers, Rb and Eu, were injected into the sapwood of Japanese cedars (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) to investigate the radial movement of minerals in their stems in the resting period. Eight trees of four cultivars, two of which genetically form wet heartwood, were treated near the end of the growing period. At 40 days after the treatment, Rb was detected in the outer heartwood, whereas Eu was not. Radial movement of Rb was more rapid in trees with wet heartwood than in those with normal heartwood. At 204 days after the treatment, more Rb was detected in the heartwood than was found on the first sampling, whereas no Eu was detected in the heartwood. The difference in radial movement between Rb and Eu was considered mainly to be the result of selective transport of beneficial minerals by Japanese cedar. The difference in the rate of radial movement of Rb between wet and normal heartwood became more conspicuous at 204 days after treatment. We concluded that the movement of Rb from the sapwood to the outer heartwood was by active transport through the rays, whereas that in the heartwood was by diffusion due to the gradient of Rb concentration.
References
Tyree MT, Zimmermann MH (2002) Xylem structure and the ascent of sap. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Ziegler H (1965) Use of isotopes in the study of translocation in rays. In: International Atomic Energy Agency (ed) Isotopes and radiation in soil-plant nutrition studies. Scientific Technical Information, Publication 108, IAEA, Vienna, pp 361–370
Stewart CH (1966) Excretion and heartwood formation in living trees. Science 153:1068–1074
Chaffey N, Barlow P (2001) The cytoskeleton facilitates a three-dimensional symplasmic continuum in the long-lived ray and axial parenchyma cells of angiosperm trees. Planta 213:811–823
Watmough SA (1999) Monitoring historical changes in soil and atmospheric trace metal levels by dendrochemical analysis. Environ Pollut 106:391–403
Hagemeyer J (1993) Monitoring trace metal pollutions with tree rings: a critical reassessment. In: Markert B (ed) Plants as a biomonitors. VCH Weinheim, New York, pp 541–563
Bindler R, Renberg I, Jonatan K, Ove E (2004) Tree rings as Pb pollution archives? A comparison of 206Pb/207Pb isotope ratios in pine and other environmental media. Sci Total Environ 319: 173–183
Martin RR, Naftel SJ, Macfie SM, Jones KW, Feng H, Trembley C (2006) High variability of the metal content of tree growth rings as measured by synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. X-Ray Spectrom 35:57–62
Brownridge JD (1984) The radial distribution of 137Cs and 40K in tree stems. J Plant Nutr 7:887–896
Katayama Y, Okada N, Ishimaru Y, Nobuchi T, Aoki A (1986) Behavior of radioactive nuclides in the radial direction of the annual rings of sugi (in Japanese). Radioisotopes 35:636–638
Kohno M, Koizumi Y, Okumura K, Mito I (1988) Distribution of environmental cesium-137 in tree rings. J Environ Radioact 8:15–19
Chigira M, Saito Y, Kimura K (1988) Distribution of 90Sr and 137Cs in annual tree rings of Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. J Radiat Res 29:152–160
Momoshima N, Bondietti EA (1994) The radial distribution of 90Sr and 137Cs in trees. J Environ Radioact 22:93–109
Kagawa A, Aoki T, Okada N, Katayama Y (2002). Tree-ring strontium-90 and cesium-137 as potential indicators of radioactive pollution. J Environ Qual 31:2001–2007
Lepp NW, Dollard GJ (1974) Studies on lateral movement of 210Pb in woody stems. Oecologia 16:179–184
Taneda K, Ota M, Nagashima M (1986) The radial distribution and concentration of several chemical elements in woods of five Japanese species. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 32:833–841
Okada N, Katayama Y, Nobuchi T, Ishimaru Y, Aoki A (1993) Trace elements in the stems of trees V. Comparison of radial distributions among softwood stems. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 39:1111–1118
Oda K, Matsumura J, Tsutsumi J, Abe Z (1994) Black-heartwood formation and ash contents in the stem of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) (in Japanese). Sci Bull Fac Agric Kyushu Univ 48:171–176
Abe Z, Oda K (1994) The color change of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) heartwood from reddish brown to black II. Identification of potassium hydrogen carbonate as one of the causative materials (in Japanese). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 40:1126–1130
Gladney ES, Hakonson TE, Muller N (1984) Cesium as an activatable tracer for studying biological intrusion of plant roots into waste burial areas. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 84:423–429
Yamashita M, Takyu T, Saba T (1995) Influences of root pruning on reproduction and activity of roots in mature tea plants. Jpn J Crop Sci 64:740–746
Katayama Y, Okada N, Ishimaru Y, Nobuchi T, Yamashita H, Aoki A (1986) Determination of trace elements in annual rings of Yaku sugi by thermal neutron activation analysis (in Japanese). Radioisotopes 35:577–582
Okada N, Katayama Y, Nobuchi T, Ishimaru Y, Aoki A (1990) Trace elements in the stems of trees III. Element content in the sap and the wood substance of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 36:1–6
Okada N, Katayama Y, Nobuchi T, Ishimaru Y, Yamashita H, Aoki A (1987) Trace elements in the stems of Trees I. Radial distribution in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). Mokuzai Gakkaishi 33:913–920
Kubo T, Ataka S (1998) Blackening of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) heartwood in relation to metal content and moisture content. J Wood Sci 44:137–141
Miyajima H (1989) Heartwood color (in Japanese). In: Kyushu no sugi to hinoki. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, pp 164–166
Morikawa T, Oda K, Matsumura J, Tsutsumi J (1996) Black-heartwood formation and ash contents in the stem of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) II: heartwood properties of three sugi cultivars (in Japanese). Bull Kyushu Univ For 74:41–49
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Okada, N., Hirakawa, Y. & Katayama, Y. Application of activable tracers to investigate radial movement of minerals in the stem of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). J Wood Sci 57, 421–428 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-011-1188-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-011-1188-8