Chemical structures of p-menthane monoterpenes with special reference to their effect on seed germination and termite mortality

Journal of Wood Science

Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Table 1 Effect of p-menthane monoterpenes on the germination of plant seeds^I

Compound	Germination percent (mean ± SD)^II
	R. sativus	B. rapa
Hydrocarbons
p-Cymene	100.0 ± 11.5C	72.5 ± 9.0abc
α-Terpinene^I	65.3 ± 9.6BC	58.8 ± 5.9ab
γ-Terpinene^I	82.1 ± 10.9C	75.0 ± 10.0bc
(−)-α-Phellandrene	76.1 ± 24.7C	65.4 ± 18.5abc
(+)-Limonene^I	14.7 ± 9.6A	78.8 ± 8.8bc
Terpinolene	23.9 ± 3.8AB	40.4 ± 8.0a
p-Menthane	87.2 ± 18.4C	87.7 ± 11.0c
Control	91.3 ± 4.7C	86.4 ± 5.1c
Phenols
Thymol	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
Carvacrol	2.0 ± 3.5A	0.0 ± 0.0a
Control	91.3 ± 4.7B	86.4 ± 5.1b
Alcohols
p-Cymen-8-ol	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
(−)-Terpinen-4-ol^I	4.1 ± 5.0A	8.2 ± 9.4ab
1,8-p-Menthadiene-4-ol	2.0 ± 3.4A	0.0 ± 0.0a
(−)-Carveol	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
(−)-α-Terpineol^I	3.2 ± 5.3A	0.0 ± 0.0a
Trans-sobrerol	43.5 ± 10.0B	72.2 ± 11.1c
(−)-Dihydrocarveol	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
(−)-Menthol	2.2 ± 3.8A	9.4 ± 6.5b
Isopulegol	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
Control	91.3 ± 4.7C	86.4 ± 5.1c
Ketones
(−)-Carvone	8.7 ± 3.8B	11.3 ± 5.7b
Piperitone	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
(+)-Pulegone	0.0 ± 0.0A	0.0 ± 0.0a
Control	91.3 ± 4.7C	86.4 ± 5.1c

^ISome of test results were cited in the literature data [13]. Sample concentration was 10.0 mg/Petri dish. Germination percent (%) = number of germinated seeds after 2 days (or 1 day) of the tests of each sample/number of germinated seeds after 3 days of the tests of control × 100
^IIMeans in the same column with the same letters are not significantly different. Tukey–Kramer, p ≤ 0.05
ns Not significant