Carbon balance in the life cycle of wood: targeting a timber check dam

Kayo, Chihiro; Noda, Ryu; Sasaki, Takanobu; Takaoku, Shinya

doi:10.1007/s10086-014-1434-y

Journal of Wood Science

Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Table 1 The evaluation results of the carbon balance

From: Carbon balance in the life cycle of wood: targeting a timber check dam

Evaluation period (year)	Timber dam (reforestation and energy use) (t-C/dam)					Timber dam (reforestation and no energy use) (t-C/dam)
Evaluation period (year)	Stocks in the wood^a	Stocks in the forest^b	Emissions^c	Emission reductions^d	Net carbon balance^e	Stocks in the wood^a	Stocks in the forest^b	Emissions^c	Emission reductions^d	Net carbon balance^e
1	−29.341	65.889	5.463	−21.463	20.547	−29.341	65.889	5.463	–	42.011
5	−26.861	65.626	5.463	−21.463	22.765	−26.861	65.626	5.463	–	44.228
10	−23.931	62.732	5.463	−21.463	22.801	−23.931	62.732	5.463	–	44.264
15	−21.192	56.946	5.463	−21.463	19.754	−21.192	56.946	5.463	–	41.217
20	−18.642	49.449	5.463	−21.463	14.807	−18.642	49.449	5.463	–	36.270
25	−16.283	41.296	5.463	−21.463	9.012	−16.283	41.296	5.463	–	30.475
30	−14.114	33.273	5.463	−21.463	3.159	−14.114	33.273	5.463	–	24.622
35	−12.135	25.777	5.463	−21.463	−2.358	−12.135	25.777	5.463	–	19.105
40	−10.345	19.070	5.463	−21.463	−7.276	−10.345	19.070	5.463	–	14.187
45	−8.746	13.151	5.463	−21.463	−11.595	−8.746	13.151	5.463	–	9.868
50	−7.337	8.022	5.463	−21.463	−15.315	−7.337	8.022	5.463	–	6.148
55	−6.118	3.682	5.463	−21.463	−18.436	−6.118	3.682	5.463	–	3.027
60	−5.089	0.000	5.463	−21.463	−21.090	−5.089	0.000	5.463	–	0.374
65	−4.299	−3.156	5.463	−21.463	−23.456	−4.299	−3.156	5.463	–	−1.993
70	−3.717	−5.918	5.463	−21.463	−25.636	−3.717	−5.918	5.463	–	−4.173
75	−3.177	−8.154	5.463	−21.463	−27.331	−3.177	−8.154	5.463	–	−5.867
80	−2.677	−9.995	5.463	−21.463	−28.672	−2.677	−9.995	5.463	–	−7.209
85	−2.218	−11.573	5.463	−21.463	−29.791	−2.218	−11.573	5.463	–	−8.328
90	−1.800	−13.020	5.463	−21.463	−30.820	−1.800	−13.020	5.463	–	−9.357
95	−1.423	−14.204	5.463	−21.463	−31.627	−1.423	−14.204	5.463	–	−10.163
100	−1.087	−15.111	5.463	−21.463	−32.198	−1.087	−15.111	5.463	–	−10.735

Evaluation period (year)	Timber dam (no reforestation and energy use) (t-C/dam)					Timber dam (no reforestation & no energy use) (t-C/dam)
Evaluation period (year)	Stocks in the wood^a	Stocks in the forest^b	Emissions^c	Emission reductions^d	Net carbon balance^e	Stocks in the wood^a	Stocks in the forest^b	Emissions^c	Emission reductions^d	Net carbon balance^e
1	−29.341	65.889	5.463	−21.463	20.547	−29.341	65.889	5.463	–	42.011
5	−26.861	65.889	5.463	−21.463	23.028	−26.861	65.889	5.463	–	44.491
10	−23.931	65.889	5.463	−21.463	25.957	−23.931	65.889	5.463	–	47.421
15	−21.192	65.889	5.463	−21.463	28.696	−21.192	65.889	5.463	–	50.160
20	−18.642	65.889	5.463	−21.463	31.246	−18.642	65.889	5.463	–	52.709
25	−16.283	65.889	5.463	−21.463	33.605	−16.283	65.889	5.463	–	55.069
30	−14.114	65.889	5.463	−21.463	35.774	−14.114	65.889	5.463	–	57.238
35	−12.135	65.889	5.463	−21.463	37.754	−12.135	65.889	5.463	–	59.217
40	−10.345	65.889	5.463	−21.463	39.543	−10.345	65.889	5.463	–	61.006
45	−8.746	65.889	5.463	−21.463	41.142	−8.746	65.889	5.463	–	62.605
50	−7.337	65.889	5.463	−21.463	42.551	−7.337	65.889	5.463	–	64.015
55	−6.118	65.889	5.463	−21.463	43.770	−6.118	65.889	5.463	–	65.234
60	−5.089	65.889	5.463	−21.463	44.799	−5.089	65.889	5.463	–	66.263
65	−4.299	65.889	5.463	−21.463	45.589	−4.299	65.889	5.463	–	67.052
70	−3.717	65.889	5.463	−21.463	46.171	−3.717	65.889	5.463	–	67.634
75	−3.177	65.889	5.463	−21.463	46.712	−3.177	65.889	5.463	–	68.175
80	−2.677	65.889	5.463	−21.463	47.212	−2.677	65.889	5.463	–	68.675
85	−2.218	65.889	5.463	−21.463	47.671	−2.218	65.889	5.463	–	69.134
90	−1.800	65.889	5.463	−21.463	48.089	−1.800	65.889	5.463	–	69.552
95	−1.423	65.889	5.463	−21.463	48.466	−1.423	65.889	5.463	–	69.929
100	−1.087	65.889	5.463	−21.463	48.802	−1.087	65.889	5.463	–	70.265

Evaluation period (year)	Concrete dam (no harvesting) (t-C/dam)
Evaluation period (year)	Stocks in the forest^f	Emissions^g	Net carbon balance^e
1	0.000	12.178	12.178
5	−3.156	12.178	9.022
10	−5.918	12.178	6.260
15	−8.154	12.178	4.024
20	−9.995	12.178	2.183
25	−11.573	12.178	0.605
30	−13.020	12.178	−0.842
35	−14.204	12.178	−2.025
40	−15.111	12.178	−2.933
45	−15.769	12.178	−3.590
50	−16.176	12.178	−3.998
55	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
60	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
65	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
70	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
75	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
80	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
85	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
90	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
95	−16.334	12.178	−4.156
100	−16.334	12.178	−4.156

^aCarbon stocks in the wood {[−CSW(t)] in Eqs. (1–4))}
^bCarbon stocks in the forest {[CSF(60) − CSF(t)] in Eqs. (1–4)}
^cCarbon emissions derived from fossil fuel consumption in the life cycle of the timber check dam {[CEF(1)] in Eqs. (1–4)}
^dCarbon emission reductions from substituting fossil fuels with the forest-residue- and sawmill-residue-based energy use {[−CRR(1)] in Eqs. (1–4)}
^eNet carbon balance {Eqs. (1–5)}
^fCarbon stocks in the forest {[CSF(60) − CSF(60 + t)] in Eq. (5)}
^gCarbon emissions derived from fossil fuel consumption in the life cycle of the concrete check dam {[CEFc(1)] in Eq. (5)}

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