Fig. 3From: Theoretical modeling and experimental study of Japanese “Watari-ago” jointsSurface shape of indirectly loaded area under embedment loading, taken a side view of small clear wood specimen. An embedment deformation is divided on the boundary of the Z axis. The left side is called the directly loaded area, and right side the indirectly loaded area in this research. The surface shape of the indirectly loaded area is expressed as an exponential curveBack to article page