Table 2 Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensities

Raw material procurement and production process

 Resource extraction—support post

  Structural carbon steel production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

1.8040

0.0324

0.0104

1.8468

Resource extraction—structural carbon steel production

[14]

  Freshly mixed concrete production

kg-CO_2eq/m³

289.5000

2.8155

1.0609

293.3764

Resource extraction—freshly mixed concrete production

[14]

  Steel bolt production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

0.8604

0.0089

0.0079

0.8772

Resource extraction—steel bolt production

[14]

  Resin powdered paint production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

5.2540

0.1687

0.2992

5.7219

Resource extraction—resin powdered paint production

[14]

  Zinc galvanizing production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

2.3200

0.0376

0.0444

2.4020

Resource extraction—zinc galvanizing production

[14]

 Resource extraction—connector production

  Steel bolt production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

2.3210

0.0390

0.0205

2.3804

Resource extraction—steel bolt production

[14]

  Inner sleeve (steel) production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

2.3200

0.0376

0.0444

2.4020

Resource extraction—steel plate production

[14]

  Bracket (steel) production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

2.3200

0.0376

0.0444

2.4020

Resource extraction—steel plate production

[14]

  Connection plate (steel) production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

2.3200

0.0376

0.0444

2.4020

Resource extraction—steel plate production

[14]

  Resin powdered paint production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

5.2540

0.1687

0.2992

5.7219

Resource extraction—paint production

[14]

 Resource extraction—steel beam production

  Steel beam production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

2.3200

0.0376

0.0444

2.4020

Resource extraction—steel plate production

[14]

  Resin powdered paint production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

5.2540

0.1687

0.2992

5.7219

Resource extraction—paint production

[14]

 Silviculture—wooden beam production

  Log procurement

kg-CO_2eq/m³

5.8300

0.2390

0.0498

6.1188

Silviculture—selective logging (thinning for use)

[15]

  Log transportation by four-ton truck

kg-CO_2eq/(t km)

0.1502

0.0057

0.0007

0.1566

Resource extraction—light oil production—light oil combustion

[14]

  Electric power consumption for wooden beam production

kg-CO_2eq/kWh

0.5915

0.0044

0.0175

0.6134

Resource extraction—electric power generation

[14]^a

 Pressure injection

  Preservative (ACQ) procurement

kg-CO_2eq/kg

–

–

–

6.3077

Preservative (ACQ) procurement

[16]

  Electric power consumption for pressure injection

kg-CO_2eq/kWh

0.5915

0.0044

0.0175

0.6134

Resource extraction—electric power generation

[14]^a

 Painting treatment

  Water-based synthetic resin paint production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

3.6400

0.2281

0.1112

3.9793

Resource extraction—paint production

[14]

  Oil-based paint production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

3.5100

0.2275

0.1043

3.8418

Resource extraction—paint production

[14]

Construction process

 Light oil combustion

kg-CO_2-eq/L

2.8207

0.1073

0.0140

2.9420

Resource extraction—light oil production—light oil combustion

[14]

Disposal process

 Energy use of disposed wooden beams

  Light oil combustion for chip processing

kg-CO_2-eq/L

2.8207

0.1073

0.0140

2.9420

Resource extraction—light oil production—light oil combustion

[14]

  Chip combustion

kg-CO_2-eq/GJ

–

2.5160

0.1728

2.6888

Chip combustion (CO₂ not evaluated)

[14]

  A-type heavy oil combustion

kg-CO_2-eq/L

2.9891

0.1137

0.0148

3.1176

Resource extraction—heavy oil production—heavy oil combustion

[14]

 Material use of disposed steel and concrete

  Recycled aggregate production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

0.0037

0.0001

0.0001

0.0039

Recycled aggregate production

[14]

  Aggregate production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

0.0043

0.0001

0.0000

0.0044

Resource extraction—aggregate production

[14]

  Steel scrap processing

kg-CO_2eq/kg

0.0167

0.0003

0.0003

0.0172

Steel scrap processing

[14]

  Average of steel bolts, bars, plates and wire production

kg-CO_2eq/kg

1.3497

0.0223

0.0072

1.3791

Resource extraction—each steel product production

[14]