Fig. 14

Radial variation of hygrothermal recovery strain of a Norway spruce (Picea abies) and b chestnut (Castanea sativa) in T direction. The deformation was observed on green wood heated from 20 to 80 °C in 20 min and maintained in 80 °C water bath for another 20 min. c Specimen geometry and sampling plan in a log, and d measurement procedure. For chestnut (b), higher values were measured in the tension wood side and lower values in the opposite side. Such radial profiles differ radically from those of instantaneous recovery in T direction, varying from contraction near pith to expansion near periphery, and of much lower magnitude (typically ±0.1%)

(redrawn from [100])