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Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Fig. 7 | Journal of Wood Science

Fig. 7

From: Tree growth stress and related problems

Fig. 7

Example of growth stress assessment performed on a large tree population. a Principle of single-hole method: the change of distance d, resulting from the drilling of a central hole, is used as “growth stress indicator” (GSI) [34]. b Relationship between maximum GSI and tree slenderness (height to diameter at breast height ratio, H/DBH) for 440 beech trees from 9 stands in 5 European countries [35, 36]

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