Fig. 4

The enzymatic saccharification efficiency of transgenic rice cell walls. Glucose yields from cell walls after 24 h enzymatic hydrolysis are shown. The efficiency is expressed as glucose yield per cell wall residue (CWR) (a) and as glucose yield per total glucan (b). Values are mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters indicate a significant difference (ANOVA with post hoc Tukey–Kramer method, p < 0.05). WT, wild-type; OsCAld5H1-KD, OsCAld5H1-knockdown; OsCAld5H1-OX, OsCAld5H1-overexpression; OsC3´H1-KD, OsC3´H1-knockdown