Characterization of dual nano-size effects of ACC-cellulose nanofibrils on crystallization behavior of hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol)

Journal of Wood Science

Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Table 2 Avrami parameters for isothermally crystallized PVA mixed with ACC-CNFs having different width at the nanoscale

Sample	T_ic (°C)	n	t_1/2 (min)	− ln K (min⁻ⁿ)
PVA/ACC-CNF-12 (95/5 in weight)	190	2.123	181.93 ± 0.01	11.5
	196	2.137	174.29 ± 0.01	11.3
	197	2.143	175.59 ± 0.01	11.3
	198	2.122	164.02 ± 0.01	11.1
	199	2.129	155.65 ± 0.01	11.0
PVA/ACC-CNF-51 (95/5 in weight)	190	2.121	165.06 ± 0.01	11.1
	192	2.123	166.53 ± 0.01	11.1
	194	2.142	175.53 ± 0.01	11.3
	196	2.139	173.96 ± 0.02	11.3
	198	2.160	181.03 ± 0.01	11.5
PVA/ACC-CNF-99 (95/5 in weight)	195	2.225	195.23 ± 0.02	12.0
	196	2.201	173.96 ± 0.02	11.8
	197	2.168	183.19 ± 0.01	11.5
	198	2.164	182.28 ± 0.02	11.5
	199	2.144	176.08 ± 0.01	11.3
neat PVA	198	2.312	196.10 ± 0.01	12.0