Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society
Table 3 Summary of MOE and MOR of densified timber from various densification method research
From: Densification of timber: a review on the process, material properties, and application
References | Species | Testing standard | Densification method | Parameters tested | Density (% change) | MOE/MOR (% change) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[40] | Populus tomentosa (Chinese white poplar) | GB/T 1936.1–2009 | THM | CR (50–75%) | 82.93–217.07% | 30.00–120.00%/44.00–93.33% |
[41] | Picea sitchensis Carr. (Sitka spruce) | ASTM D143-94 JIS Z2101-94 | THM | CR (33–67%) | 33.33–77.78% | 78.57–114.29%/− 11.11–11.11% |
[84] | Populus deltoides × Populus trichocarpa (Hybrid poplar) | Not reported | VTC | CR (63–132%) | 61.88–139.27% | 37.93–128.74%/32.89–102.63% |
[89] | Populus deltoides × Populus trichocarpa (Hybrid poplar) | Not reported | VTC | Steam Temperature (150–170 °C) | 87.67–228.73% | 51.24–314.60%/31.85–260.31% |
[91] | Cryptomerica japonica D. Don (Sugi) | Not reported | PF Densification | Pressure (0–10 MPa) | 105.88–311.77% | 11.11–200.00%/44.44–211.11% |
[92] | Cryptomerica japonica D. Don (Sugi) | Not reported | PF Densification | Resin Concentration (1–20%), Pressing Temperature (120–180 °C), Pre-heat Temperature (50–100 °C), Pressing Speed (2–50 mm/min) | 41.18–264.71% | Not reported/ Not reported |
[93] | Paraserianthes falkata (Albizia) | Not reported | PF Densification | Species | 200% | 233.33%/250% |
Cryptomeria japonica (Sugi) | 140% | 162.5%/128.57% | ||||
Pseudotsuga douglasii (Douglas fir) | 63.64% | 78.57%/40% | ||||
Ulmus sp. (Elm) | 40% | 28.57%/5.88% | ||||
Betula maximowicziana (Birch) | 21.43% | 13.33%/− 6.67% |