Effects of dietary variation on lignocellulose degradation and physiological properties of Nicobium hirtum larvae

Journal of Wood Science

Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Table 2 Starch and lignocellulose compositional analyses of original artificial diets and fecal residues of N. hirtum larvae

Content (mg/g diet or fecal residues)	Low-starch diet (LS)			Medium-starch diet (MS)			High-starch diet (HS)
Content (mg/g diet or fecal residues)	Original	Digested	% Change	Original	Digested	% Change	Original	Digested	% Change
Starch^a	137.7 ± 4.7	64.6 ± 1.2**	− 53	343.2 ± 20.6	182.6 ± 13.4**	− 47	562.9 ± 13.3	467.5 ± 19.6**	− 17
Cellulose^b	291.7 ± 8.0	242.1 ± 14.8*	− 17	167.2 ± 1.5	224.6 ± 12.8**	34	85.1 ± 1.1	125.9 ± 3.6**	48
Hemicelluloses^c
Glucose	18.8 ± 0.7	20.0 ± 1.0	6	11.4 ± 0.2	15.1 ± 1.0**	32	9.1 ± 0.3	10.0 ± 0.5*	10
Xylose	33.6 ± 1.6	33.9 ± 1.3	1	19.6 ± 0.7	24.0 ± 1.0**	22	11.9 ± 0.3	14.9 ± 0.7**	25
Mannose	7.5 ± 0.2	3.9 ± 0.2**	− 48	4.7 ± 0.0	2.8 ± 0.0**	− 40	5.3 ± 0.2	2.8 ± 0.1**	− 47
Galactose	3.9 ± 0.1	3.5 ± 0.1*	− 10	2.2 ± 0.1	2.6 ± 0.1**	18	1.6 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.1*	− 13
Arabinose	1.5 ± 0.1	1.8 ± 0.1**	20	1.0 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.1**	40	0.5 ± 0.0	0.8 ± 0.1**	60
Total	65.2 ± 2.5	63.1 ± 2.6	− 3	38.9 ± 0.6	45.9 ± 1.9**	18	28.4 ± 0.8	29.9 ± 1.4	5
Lignin^d	206.5 ± 10.4	246.3 ± 7.5	19	136.3 ± 2.6	215.6 ± 10.3**	58	57.1 ± 3.1	87.0 ± 4.2**	52

Values are mean ± standard deviation from three independent runs (n = 3). Asterisks indicate significant differences between fecal residues and original diets [Student’s t-test, p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**)]. Bold values of %Change indicate significant decrease or increase in fecal residues compared with original diets
^aGlucose released via treatment with α-amylase and amyloglucosidase
^bGlucose released from trifluoroacetic acid-insoluble fractions
^cMonosaccharides released from trifluoroacetic acid-soluble fractions
^dDetermined by thioglycolic acid lignin assay