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Official Journal of the Japan Wood Research Society

Fig. 1 | Journal of Wood Science

Fig. 1

From: Iron acetate solution prepared from steel wool and vinegar for ebonizing wood

Fig. 1

Birch (Betula alleghaniensis), maple (Acer saccharum), cherry (Prunus serotina), and red oak (Quercus rubra) veneers treated with iron solutions. The iron–tannin reaction produces a variety of colors in the ebonized wood: light green (chloride with birch and maple); light gray (sulfate and gluconate with birch and maple); light brown (acetate with birch and maple, and sulfate and gluconate with cherry); dark gray (sulfate and gluconate with red oak); dark brown to black (chloride and acetate with cherry and red oak). Veneers were photographed 1 week after treatment

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