Fig. 11
Fiber mechanical model to calculate gelatinous fiber (G fiber) deformations [87]. a Structure of the typical tension wood G-fiber. b Multi-layered cylinder model of the G fiber. c Transverse structure of G fiber cylinder model. In the case of the softwood tracheid and hardwood normal fiber, the model consists of compound middle lamella (CML), outer layer of the secondary wall (S1), and middle layer of the secondary wall (S2)